California was the pioneer in cannabis legalization, first allowing medical use in 1996 and recreational use in 2016. Both medical and recreational cannabis are fully legal for adults 21+. The state has a voluntary medical card program, but many patients use only doctor recommendations. Medical patients get benefits like tax savings (no 15% excise tax), higher possession limits (no specific limit vs. 28.5g for recreational), access to higher-potency products, and ability to grow more
The process includes: 1) Get a recommendation from a licensed California physician (can be done online), 2) Optionally apply for a state Medical Marijuana Identification Card (MMIC) through your county health department, 3) Submit application with physician recommendation and required documents, 4) Pay county fees, 5) Receive MMIC if applying (though many patients use just the recommendation).
Qualifying conditions include: cancer, anorexia, AIDS/HIV, chronic pain, spasticity, glaucoma, arthritis, migraine, or any chronic or persistent medical condition that substantially limits major life activities or could cause serious harm to mental/physical health if not alleviated. Doctors have broad discretion to recommend medical cannabis.
The California Department of Cannabis Control (DCC) regulates both medical and recreational cannabis businesses. Counties handle the Medical Marijuana Identification Card (MMIC) program.
Registration for a state MMIC is voluntary in California. Many patients use only their physician's recommendation to purchase cannabis. For the 2024-2025 fiscal year, only 1,625 patients obtained state cards.
Both medical and recreational users can purchase cannabis from licensed dispensaries. Only California residents can obtain state medical cards, but anyone 21+ can purchase recreationally. Medical patients can also purchase with just a doctor's recommendation.
County MMIC fees vary but are capped at $100 maximum. Medi-Cal beneficiaries get a 50% reduction. Physician recommendation fees typically range from under $50 for online services to higher amounts for in-person consultations. The MMIC is typically valid for one year.
